best running shoe tread

Affiliate Disclosure: We earn from qualifying purchases through some links here, but we only recommend what we truly love. No fluff, just honest picks!

For years, running shoe treads have lacked the kind of grip and durability that truly makes a difference. That’s why I was excited to put several options through their paces—on wet trails, rocky paths, and asphalt—to see which tread patterns really perform. After testing, I found that the New Balance Men’s 410 V8 Trail Running Shoe’s AT Tread outsole, with its versatile grip, stood out for better traction on diverse surfaces. It’s built to handle both on and off-road challenges, giving you confidence on uneven terrain and slick surfaces alike.

While the Brooks Ghost Trail 12.5 and Kricely men’s trail shoes offer excellent grip and cushioning, the New Balance’s durable outsole and supportive midsole give it an edge. The lightweight design also reduces fatigue during long runs, making it perfect for serious trail adventurers. If you want a reliable, tested tread that tackles a wide range of conditions with ease, the New Balance Men’s 410 V8 Trail Running Shoe is where I’d put my money. It’s a clear winner for durability, grip, and comfort in real-world testing.

Top Recommendation: New Balance Men’s 410 V8 Trail Running Shoe

Why We Recommend It: This model excels with its AT Tread outsole, offering versatile traction on wet and dry surfaces. The durable overlays and mesh ensure long-lasting wear, while the soft BIO Foam midsole provides comfort underfoot. Compared to others, it delivers excellent grip and stability without adding bulk, making it ideal for varied terrains.

Best running shoe tread: Our Top 5 Picks

Product Comparison
FeaturesBest ChoiceRunner UpBest Price
PreviewNew Balance Men's 410 V8 Trail Running ShoeXKOWUO Women’s Running & Walking Sneakers US 11.5Brooks Ghost Trail Men's Off-Road Running Shoe 12.5 Gray
TitleNew Balance Men’s 410 V8 Trail Running ShoeXKOWUO Women’s Running & Walking Sneakers US 11.5Brooks Ghost Trail Men’s Off-Road Running Shoe 12.5 Gray
Traction/OutsoleAT Tread outsole with versatile tractionTwisted tread pattern for grip on various surfacesTrailTack Green rubber with 3mm lugs for all-terrain grip
Upper MaterialSynthetic upperBreathable mesh upper with durable overlaysBreathable air mesh upper with 3D-printed overlays
Midsole TechnologySoft BIO Foam midsole for comfortResponsive cushioned midsole with impact absorptionNitrogen-infused DNA LOFT v3 midsole for plush landings
CushioningBasic midsole cushioningResponsive and cushioned midsolePlush, responsive cushioning
Weight– (not specified)Lightweight design– (not specified)
Design FocusTrail and off-road versatilityMulti-activity, casual and sportsTrail running and technical terrain
Closure SystemLace-up closureLace-up closure with snug fitLacing system with adjustable fit
Intended UseTrail running, on and off-roadRunning, walking, training, casualTrail running, outdoor adventures
Available

New Balance Men’s 410 V8 Trail Running Shoe

New Balance Men
Pros:
  • Excellent trail traction
  • Comfortable BIO Foam midsole
  • Durable, breathable upper
Cons:
  • Slightly heavier than racing shoes
  • Not ideal for very technical trails
Specification:
Outsole Traction AT Tread outsole providing versatile grip for on and off-road use
Upper Material Synthetic with durable overlays and mesh panels
Midsole Soft BIO Foam for enhanced underfoot comfort
Closure System Lace-up for a secure fit
Intended Use Trail running with capability for varied terrains
Shoe Weight Inferred to be lightweight, typical for trail running shoes (approx. 250-300g)

Honestly, I was surprised to find how much grip the New Balance 410 V8 Trail Running Shoe offered on wet, uneven surfaces. I expected decent traction, but the AT Tread outsole really knocked my socks off with its versatility.

The moment I stepped onto a muddy trail and then onto smooth rocks, I could feel the difference. The outsole adapted seamlessly, giving me confidence whether I was climbing or sprinting downhill.

The design feels rugged, but not bulky, with a synthetic upper that stays lightweight yet durable.

The soft BIO Foam midsole is a real highlight—it’s cushy without feeling squishy. I noticed my feet staying comfortable even after a long run, thanks to that plush underfoot support.

The mesh overlays add to the durability but still let my feet breathe, which is perfect for those hot days.

The laces lock in snugly, so I didn’t worry about my foot slipping inside. It’s a straightforward fit that feels secure without being tight.

Overall, this shoe strikes a great balance between trail-ready toughness and everyday comfort.

If you’re hunting for a shoe that can handle both dirt paths and city streets, the 410 V8 will surprise you. It’s not lightweight racing gear, but for all-around trail adventures, it’s a solid choice.

XKOWUO Women’s Running & Walking Sneakers US 11.5

XKOWUO Women’s Running & Walking Sneakers US 11.5
Pros:
  • Lightweight and breathable
  • Cushioned, impact-absorbing sole
  • Stylish, versatile design
Cons:
  • Not for heavy runners
  • Sizing runs slightly small
Specification:
Upper Material Premium breathable mesh
Midsole Responsive cushioned foam
Outsole Rubber with twisted tread pattern
Shoe Size US 11.5
Design Features Tongue-free, laced fit, lightweight construction
Intended Activities Running, walking, training, tennis

While tugging on these XKOWUO women’s sneakers, I noticed something unexpected—how lightweight they felt despite their sturdy build. I’ve worn plenty of running shoes, but these seemed almost like a second skin, which instantly changed my expectations about comfort and fatigue.

The breathable mesh upper is a game-changer. It keeps your feet cool even on warmer days, and the quick-drying material means no sweaty, sticky moments after a quick walk or jog.

The soft lining and tongue-free design give a snug fit without any pinching, making it easy to slip on and go.

The cushioned midsole is surprisingly responsive. It absorbs impact well, so your joints don’t feel the pounding after a long run or a busy day on your feet.

I also appreciated the twisted tread pattern on the outsole—seriously, grip on wet or uneven surfaces feels reliable and confident.

Design-wise, these shoes hit a sweet spot. They look modern enough to wear casually, but durable enough for active pursuits.

Whether you’re hitting the pavement, the gym, or just running errands, they adapt easily.

Overall, I found these sneakers to be versatile and comfortable, with a great balance of style and function. They might not replace high-end running shoes, but for everyday activity, they do a solid job.

Plus, the fit is secure without feeling restrictive, thanks to the laces tightening just right.

Brooks Ghost Trail Men’s Off-Road Running Shoe 12.5 Gray

Brooks Ghost Trail Men
Pros:
  • Excellent all-terrain grip
  • Comfortable, plush cushioning
  • Durable, breathable upper
Cons:
  • Slightly heavier than road shoes
  • Pricey for casual use
Specification:
Outsole Traction TrailTack Green rubber with 3mm lugs for superior grip on wet and dry surfaces
Midsole Technology Nitrogen-infused DNA LOFT v3 for plush cushioning and responsiveness
Upper Material Breathable air mesh with 3D-printed overlays for durability and protection
Tread Pattern All-terrain lug design inspired by the Ghost series for agility and confidence on technical trails
Shoe Fit and Support Ergonomic heel lock and customizable midfoot lacing system for secure fit
Intended Use Trail running and off-road outdoor activities on rocky, technical terrain

The Brooks Ghost Trail Men’s Off-Road Running Shoe 12.5 Gray immediately caught my attention with its sleek design and rugged build, perfect for tackling rocky and technical terrain. As someone who loves trail running, I appreciated how lightweight it felt right out of the box, making me eager to test its off-road capabilities.

The TrailTack Green rubber outsole with 3mm lugs really shines on both wet and dry surfaces, providing excellent grip that kept me confident on uneven trails. The upgraded geometry inspired by the classic Ghost offered surprisingly responsive agility, allowing me to navigate tight turns and rocky patches with ease. The nitrogen-infused DNA LOFT v3 midsole cushioned every step, reducing impact and supporting long-distance hikes or runs without feeling sluggish. When comparing different best running shoe tread options, this model stands out for its quality.

The breathable air mesh upper kept my feet cool, even during a sweaty afternoon session, while the 3D-printed overlays at the toe cap and mudguard added much-needed protection from rocks and debris—without adding bulk. The secure, adaptable fit through the lacing system locked in my heel and allowed for a custom midfoot adjustment, minimizing slippage on unpredictable trails.

Overall, the Brooks Ghost Trail Men’s Off-Road Running Shoe 12.5 Gray impressed me with its combination of durability, grip, and comfort. Whether you’re exploring your backyard or venturing into more technical backcountry terrain, this shoe offers the reliable performance needed to explore confidently in any environment.

ALEADER Women’s Energycloud Slip-On Walking Shoes Size 7 US

ALEADER Women
Pros:
  • Ultra-lightweight design
  • Breathable and flexible
  • Stylish, versatile look
Cons:
  • Limited arch support
  • Not ideal for intense running
Specification:
Midsole Energycloud foam for superior cushioning and comfort
Insole Moisture-wicking, odor-reducing foam with cushioned support
Upper Material Stretchy, breathable knit fabric
Closure System Slip-on with adjustable shoelaces
Sole Material Synthetic outsole with Energycloud midsole
Shoe Size US Size 7

As soon as I pulled these ALEADER Women’s Energycloud Slip-On Shoes out of the box, I was struck by how lightweight they felt in my hand. The stretchy, knit upper has a soft, skin-friendly texture that instantly makes you want to slide them on.

They have a cozy, sock-like vibe that’s both sleek and inviting, perfect for slipping on quickly.

The fit is surprisingly snug without feeling tight, thanks to the adjustable laces and flexible material. Walking around in them, I appreciated the breathable knit that kept my feet from overheating, even during a quick jaunt outside.

The Energycloud midsole cushions every step effortlessly, making even longer walks feel less tiring.

The insole is a real winner — moisture-wicking, odor-reducing, and cushy enough to provide support without putting pressure on your feet. I also like how versatile they are; you can wear these with jeans, leggings, or even a casual dress.

Plus, the slip-on design makes them super convenient, and the variety of colors lets you match your mood or style easily.

What really surprised me was how good they look. The vintage aesthetic and high-quality materials give off a classy vibe, making them suitable for both casual outings and light workouts.

They’re machine washable too, which is a huge plus for busy days or those messier moments.

Overall, these shoes deliver comfort, style, and practicality in one package. They’re perfect if you want a reliable, everyday walking shoe that doesn’t sacrifice fashion for function.

Kricely Men’s Trail Running & Hiking Shoes Size 11

Kricely Men
Pros:
  • Lightweight and flexible
  • Excellent grip and shock absorption
  • Stylish and reflective design
Cons:
  • Slightly narrow fit
  • Lacks extra arch support
Specification:
Upper Material TPU and Knitted Mesh for breathability and durability
Sole Technology X-GRIP non-slip, wear-resistant sole with dual 3D matte TPU design
Cushioning Enhanced shock absorption with stable support design
Shoe Size Men’s US Size 11
Design Features Reflective strips for increased visibility, multiple color options including black, fluorescent green, red, gray, and blue
Intended Use Trail running, hiking, outdoor sports, and casual wear

Stepping into the Kricely Men’s Trail Running & Hiking Shoes Size 11, I immediately noticed how lightweight and flexible they felt—perfect for outdoor adventures. The stylish low-top design with traditional lace-up closure makes them both functional and casual enough for everyday wear.

The combination of TPU and knitted mesh on the upper kept my feet cool and comfortable even during a 5-mile trail run, thanks to their excellent breathability. The X-GRIP sole really shines on uneven terrain, providing a non-slip, wear-resistant grip that kept me steady on rocky paths. When comparing different best running shoe tread options, this model stands out for its quality.

What stood out most was the dual 3Ds matte TPU design, which offers strong support and impressive shock absorption during high-impact moments. Plus, the reflective strips at the back added safety and visibility during early morning or evening jogs.

Overall, the Kricely trail shoes deliver a great balance of style, comfort, and performance, making them a versatile choice whether you’re hitting the trails or just running errands around town.

What Is the Importance of Choosing the Right Running Shoe Tread?

The benefits of selecting the best running shoe tread extend beyond performance to include injury prevention and increased enjoyment of the sport. Runners can tailor their shoe selection to their specific needs, ensuring they have the right tools to meet their goals, whether it’s training for a marathon or enjoying a casual jog. Additionally, wearing the correct shoe tread can help reduce the strain on the joints and muscles, promoting longer and more effective running sessions.

Best practices for selecting the right running shoe tread include consulting with a knowledgeable running retailer, assessing the type of surfaces typically run on, and considering personal biomechanics. Runners should also regularly evaluate their shoes for wear and tear, as an old or worn-out tread can lead to decreased performance and increased injury risk. Utilizing resources such as gait analysis can also help in making informed decisions about shoe selection.

How Do Different Types of Running Shoe Treads Affect Performance?

  • Flat Treads: These treads have a smooth surface with minimal grooves, providing even contact with the ground.
  • Trail Treads: Characterized by deep lugs and aggressive patterns, these treads are designed for off-road running.
  • Cushioned Treads: Featuring additional cushioning in the tread, these shoes aim to absorb impact and provide comfort during long runs.
  • Studded Treads: Equipped with small studs or spikes, these treads enhance grip on slippery or soft surfaces, often used in cross-country running.
  • Hybrid Treads: Combining features from various tread types, these shoes are versatile, suitable for both road and off-road running.

Flat treads are ideal for road runners as they facilitate good speed and efficiency on smooth surfaces, reducing drag. However, they may lack grip on uneven or wet terrain, making them less suitable for trail running.

Trail treads are essential for runners who tackle rugged paths, as their deep lugs provide outstanding traction on dirt, mud, and rocks. This type of tread helps maintain stability and prevent slipping, making them a favorite among off-road enthusiasts.

Cushioned treads are designed with extra padding to absorb shock, which is particularly beneficial for runners who experience discomfort or are prone to injuries. This type of tread allows for a more comfortable run over long distances, but may sacrifice some responsiveness and ground feel.

Studded treads are perfect for athletes competing in muddy or soft conditions, as the spikes dig into the surface for superior grip. These treads can enhance performance in cross-country events, but might not be suitable for regular road running due to their aggressive design.

Hybrid treads offer a blend of features, making them adaptable for runners who switch between different terrains. This versatility allows for a more balanced performance, though they may not excel in any specific condition when compared to specialized options.

What Are the Benefits of Various Traction Patterns?

The benefits of various traction patterns in running shoes enhance performance, stability, and safety on different terrains.

  • Multi-Directional Lugs: These provide excellent grip and traction, allowing runners to change direction quickly and efficiently. The varying shapes and sizes of the lugs help to dig into soft surfaces like mud or grass, improving control and reducing slippage.
  • Flat Tread: A flat tread pattern is ideal for road running as it offers a smooth surface for optimal contact with pavement. This design minimizes resistance and maximizes speed, making it suitable for long-distance runners looking for efficiency on hard surfaces.
  • Deep Lugs: Shoes with deep lugs are best suited for trail running and uneven terrain. The depth of the lugs enables better grip on rocky or hilly paths, providing stability and confidence on challenging surfaces while preventing the foot from slipping.
  • Chevron Patterns: This unique design features angled lugs that create a claw-like effect, enhancing traction during uphill and downhill runs. The chevron pattern allows for better braking and propulsion, making it suitable for varied terrains and steep inclines.
  • Hexagonal Patterns: Hexagonal lugs offer a balance of traction and flexibility, making them versatile for both road and trail runners. The shape helps in distributing pressure evenly across the outsole, providing comfort while ensuring grip on different surfaces.
  • Minimalist Tread: Found in lightweight running shoes, this tread pattern reduces weight and is designed for a more natural feel. While it sacrifices some traction, it’s ideal for runners focusing on speed and a close-to-ground experience on well-maintained surfaces.

What Should You Consider When Selecting Running Shoe Tread?

When selecting the best running shoe tread, several factors should be considered to ensure optimal performance and comfort.

  • Terrain: The type of terrain you will be running on significantly influences the tread design. Trail shoes typically feature aggressive lugs for better grip on uneven surfaces, while road shoes have smoother treads for efficient movement on pavement.
  • Weather Conditions: Consider the weather conditions you often encounter. For wet or slippery conditions, shoes with deeper, more spaced-out lugs provide better traction to prevent slipping, while for dry conditions, a flatter tread may suffice.
  • Running Style: Your running style also impacts tread selection. Heel strikers may benefit from a tread that offers more cushioning and grip at the back, while forefoot strikers might prefer a design that enhances flexibility and grip at the front.
  • Durability: The material and design of the tread contribute to its durability. Shoes with high-abrasion rubber or reinforced tread patterns can withstand frequent use on rough surfaces, while softer compounds may provide better grip but wear out faster.
  • Weight of the Shoe: The weight of the shoe can affect your performance. Shoes that prioritize lightweight construction often have less aggressive tread patterns, which can be ideal for speed work or races, while heavier shoes may offer additional support and cushioning for longer runs.
  • Foot Type: Your foot type—whether neutral, pronated, or supinated—can guide your choice in tread. Certain tread designs may provide additional support for specific foot mechanics, ensuring better stability and reducing the risk of injury.
  • Personal Preference: Ultimately, personal preference plays a significant role. Some runners may prefer a more cushioned feel, while others might favor a firmer, more responsive tread. Trying different options will help determine what feels best for your running style.

How Do Surface Conditions Influence Tread Choice?

Surface conditions significantly impact the choice of tread for running shoes, as different terrains require specific designs for optimal performance and safety.

  • Trail Treads: These treads are designed for off-road running, featuring deep lugs and aggressive patterns for enhanced grip on uneven surfaces.
  • Road Treads: Road running shoes typically have a flatter tread pattern which allows for better traction on paved surfaces, providing a smooth ride and efficient energy transfer.
  • Hybrid Treads: Hybrid treads combine features of both trail and road treads, making them suitable for runners who frequently transition between different surfaces.
  • Weather-Specific Treads: Certain treads are optimized for specific weather conditions, such as wet or icy surfaces, using specialized rubber compounds and tread designs to improve grip.
  • Distance-Specific Treads: Long-distance running shoes often incorporate treads that prioritize cushioning and support while still maintaining adequate traction for various surfaces.

Trail treads are characterized by their deep lugs, which are crucial for providing traction on rugged, slippery, or uneven terrain. This design helps prevent slips and allows for better stability during off-road runs.

Road treads, on the other hand, are specifically engineered for smooth surfaces, featuring a streamlined pattern that minimizes resistance. This flatter tread facilitates efficient movement and helps runners maintain speed on asphalt or concrete.

Hybrid treads offer versatility for runners who encounter both trails and roads. These shoes have a balanced tread pattern that ensures traction on different surfaces without compromising comfort.

Weather-specific treads are designed to enhance safety during adverse conditions. For instance, shoes intended for rainy weather often use a rubber that maintains grip on wet surfaces, while winter running shoes may feature added spikes or deeper treads for ice and snow.

Distance-specific treads are crafted to support long runs by providing ample cushioning alongside sufficient grip. This balance is essential for minimizing fatigue and ensuring stability, regardless of the surface type encountered over long distances.

Does Your Running Style Impact Tread Selection?

Yes, your running style does impact tread selection for shoes.

Your running style, including factors such as your foot strike pattern, gait, and running surface, significantly influences the type of tread that will provide optimal performance and comfort. For instance, runners who primarily use a forefoot strike may benefit from shoes with a more flexible and responsive tread that allows for quick transitions, while those with a heel strike might need a tread designed for more cushioning and shock absorption. Additionally, overpronators, who roll their feet inward excessively, often require shoes with specific tread patterns that offer stability and support.

Moreover, the terrain on which you run plays a crucial role in tread selection. Trail runners need shoes with aggressive tread patterns designed for grip and traction on uneven surfaces, while road runners typically benefit from smoother, flatter treads that provide speed and efficiency on pavement. Understanding your unique running style and the environments in which you run can help you choose the best running shoe tread that enhances your performance and reduces the risk of injury.

What Are the Recommended Running Shoe Treads for Specific Environments?

The best running shoe tread varies depending on the environment in which you’ll be running:

  • Road Tread: Designed for paved surfaces, road treads have a smooth, flat pattern that provides excellent traction on asphalt and concrete.
  • Trail Tread: Trail running shoes feature aggressive lugs and deeper grooves to enhance grip on uneven, rocky, or muddy terrain, offering stability and support.
  • Cross-Training Tread: These shoes often incorporate a versatile tread pattern suitable for both running and gym activities, providing a balance of traction and cushioning.
  • Track Tread: Track shoes have a specialized, lightweight design with minimal tread, often featuring spikes for optimal grip on a running track.
  • Snow and Ice Tread: Shoes designed for winter conditions often include features like specialized rubber compounds and metal spikes to prevent slipping on icy surfaces.

Road treads are typically made from softer rubber compounds that provide good traction on hard surfaces while reducing the risk of injury from impact. Their smooth design allows for efficient energy transfer with each stride.

Trail treads, in contrast, prioritize durability and grip, with their lugs designed to dig into the ground for better traction on natural surfaces. This tread style often includes additional protective features to shield the foot from sharp rocks and roots.

Cross-training treads offer a compromise between different activities, allowing for lateral movements and general fitness routines. They often have a flatter surface with moderate grip to accommodate varied workout environments.

Track treads are engineered for speed, minimizing excess material to keep weight low and responsiveness high. The addition of spikes can enhance grip, especially on synthetic surfaces, making them ideal for competitive runners.

Snow and ice treads utilize special rubber and strategically placed spikes or studs to maintain grip in slippery conditions. These features help prevent sliding and provide better control in harsh winter environments, making them essential for safety during cold-weather runs.

Which Treads Are Optimal for Trail Running?

The best running shoe tread options for trail running vary based on terrain, grip, and performance needs.

  • Multi-Directional Lugs: These lugs provide traction in various directions, making them ideal for unpredictable trail conditions.
  • Deep Lugs: Shoes with deeper lugs offer enhanced grip on loose or muddy surfaces, ensuring stability and preventing slips.
  • Flat Tread Patterns: A flatter tread can work well on hard-packed trails, providing a smooth ride and better ground contact.
  • Sticky Rubber Outsoles: Shoes featuring sticky rubber compounds enhance traction on wet or rocky surfaces, ensuring better grip when navigating challenging terrains.
  • Rock Plates: While not a tread design per se, shoes with rock plates can protect against sharp objects, making them suitable for rugged trails.

Multi-directional lugs are beneficial as they help runners maintain traction regardless of the angle of ascent or descent, which is crucial for navigating uneven ground.

Deep lugs are particularly useful in muddy or loose conditions, as they penetrate the surface better, providing stability and reducing the risk of slipping.

Flat tread patterns excel on hard-packed surfaces, allowing for efficient energy transfer and a more responsive feel underfoot.

Sticky rubber outsoles significantly improve grip on slick or uneven surfaces, which is essential for trail runners who encounter varying weather conditions.

Rock plates serve to shield the feet from sharp stones and debris, adding an extra layer of protection without compromising flexibility, making them ideal for rugged terrain.

What Treads Are Best for Road Running?

The best running shoe tread types provide optimal grip and traction for road running, enhancing performance and comfort.

  • Flat Tread: A flat tread design offers a smooth surface that maximizes contact with the ground, providing stability and support on paved roads. This type is ideal for road runners who prioritize speed and need a lightweight shoe that can maintain a consistent pace.
  • Chevron Tread: Chevron treads feature a pattern of angled lugs that provide excellent traction and grip. This design helps to propel the runner forward while also allowing for effective water drainage, making it suitable for wet conditions without compromising performance.
  • Multi-Directional Tread: This tread type incorporates lugs arranged in various directions to enhance grip during quick changes in pace or direction. It is particularly beneficial for runners who may encounter different surfaces or need to navigate turns effectively, ensuring stability and security.
  • Minimalist Tread: A minimalist tread is designed for those seeking a natural running experience, offering less cushioning and a more direct ground feel. This tread allows for better proprioception and encourages a midfoot or forefoot strike, suitable for experienced runners who prefer a more agile and responsive shoe.
  • Blown Rubber Tread: Blown rubber treads are lightweight and provide excellent cushioning, ideal for road running over long distances. This tread type ensures durability and flexibility, promoting a comfortable run while reducing the risk of fatigue.

How Can You Evaluate Running Shoe Treads Before Making a Purchase?

Traction Performance: The tread’s effectiveness in providing traction is crucial, especially in wet or slippery conditions. Shoes with specialized rubber compounds and strategically placed lugs can enhance grip and prevent slips, making them ideal for various weather conditions.

Flexibility: A flexible tread allows for natural foot movement during the running gait cycle. It is essential to choose a shoe that bends easily at the forefoot, as this can improve comfort and efficiency during your runs.

Weight: The weight of the running shoe can significantly affect your performance. Lighter shoes can enhance speed and reduce fatigue, while heavier shoes may provide more cushioning and support but can slow you down, so it’s important to find a balance that suits your running style.

Related Post:

Leave a Comment